Big Data Interview Questions that you Cant Miss to Prepare!

Big Data Interview Questions that you Cant Miss to Prepare! Big Data Interview Questions that you Can’t Miss to Prepare!8 min read Read ­ing Time: 6 min ­utesData is empow ­er ­ing every ­thing around us. It is the era of big data sci ­ence and ana ­lyt ­ics and that is why the demand for skilled data pro ­fes ­sion ­als has increased mas ­sive ­ly. There ­fore, we are pro ­vid ­ing you with a list of most fre ­quent ­ly asked big data inter ­view ques ­tions and answers. So that you can pre ­pare for the big data and be assured of suc ­cess. More and more com ­pa ­nies are inclined towards the use of big data in order to func ­tion ­al ­ly run their oper ­a ­tions. From data ana ­lysts, data sci ­en ­tists to Big Data Engi ­neer, the posi ­tions are numer ­ous to choose from if you want to start a career in the field of big data. Being well pre ­pared for the big data inter ­view ques ­tions and answers will give you an edge over the oth ­er appli ­cants. This arti ­cle has a list of ques ­tions rang ­ing from the most basic to the most advanced ones. 1. What do you understand by Big Data? Big data is a col ­lec ­tion of com ­plex unstruc ­tured or semi-struc ­tured large data sets. These sets help a com ­pa ­ny in gain ­ing action ­able insights. These insights help the busi ­ness ­es under ­stand their work ­ing in a deep ­er sense. The data col ­lect ­ed ana ­lyzes and uncov ­ers pat ­terns and infor ­ma ­tion which oth ­er ­wise might not be avail ­able. 2. Define the five V’s of Big Data? The five V’s of big data are; Vol ­ume: It is the data vol ­ume in Petabytes which gives infor ­ma ­tion about the amount of data which grows at a high rate. Vari ­ety: The data types curat ­ed from Big Data pro ­cess ­ing are of var ­i ­ous kinds. For instance, data for ­mats of text, audio and videos. Veloc ­i ­ty: Veloc ­i ­ty is sim ­ply the rate at which the data grows. Verac ­i ­ty: High vol ­ume of data often brings in incon ­sis ­ten ­cy and incom ­plete ­ness. There ­fore, veloc ­i ­ty indi ­cates this uncer ­tain ­ty in data. Val ­ue: Busi ­ness can also gen ­er ­ate rev ­enue by con ­vert ­ing the accessed big data into val ­ues. Know that this is one of the most com ­mon ques ­tions asked in the inter ­view. How ­ev ­er it depends on you as to how you wish to answer the ques ­tion, depend ­ing upon the response of the inter ­view ­er. You can men ­tion only the names if that is what asked. Or you could explain the five V’s fur ­ther in detail if the recruiter is inter ­est ­ed in hear ­ing from you fur ­ther. 3. Mention some of the best tools used for Big Data? Var ­i ­ous tools are used for the pur ­pose of import ­ing, sort ­ing as well as ana ­lyz ­ing data. Some of these tools are; Apache Spark Apache Hive Cas ­san ­dra Apache Flume Apache Pig Mon ­goDB Apache Splunk Apache Hadoop MapRe ­duce Apache Sqoop 4. Explain how big data analysis is helpful in increasing business revenue? With this answer, you can actu ­al ­ly explain to the recruiter as to why you think big data is impor ­tant. The first and fore ­most rea ­son is that it explains the dif ­fer ­ences between the busi ­ness ­es and that is how they increase the rev ­enue. Big data ana ­lyt ­ics also helps busi ­ness ­es ana ­lyze the needs and pref ­er ­ences of the cus ­tomers through big data solu ­tions, on the basis of which they launch new prod ­ucts. 5. Define what is clustering? Clus ­ter ­ing is the process of group ­ing of sim ­i ­lar objects into sets which are known as clus ­ters. Clus ­ter ­ing is an essen ­tial part in data min ­ing. It is also used in sta ­tis ­ti ­cal data analy ­sis. Some of the pop ­u ­lar clus ­ter ­ing meth ­ods include par ­ti ­tion ­ing, hier ­ar ­chi ­cal, den ­si ­ty-based as well as mod ­el based. Also, objects clus ­tered in one group are most like ­ly dif ­fer ­ent than the objects clus ­tered in anoth ­er group. 6. How would you justify Big Data Analytics as important? Big Data ana ­lyt ­ics has been use ­ful and impor ­tant for busi ­ness ­es because it helps busi ­ness ­es equip data. This equip ­ment and data stor ­age helps them to iden ­ti ­fy and not miss the new oppor ­tu ­ni ­ties. Because of this fac ­tor, busi ­ness ­es do not end up mak ­ing absurd deci ­sions. More ­over, busi ­ness ­es tend to make smarter deci ­sions and moves. As a result, there are effi ­cient oper ­a ­tions and high ­er prof ­its for the busi ­ness. 7. Do you have any experience in Big Data Analytics? If so, then explain about it. It is obvi ­ous that this ques ­tion would have no spe ­cif ­ic answer since it is an objec ­tive answer. With these kind of big data inter ­view ques ­tions, the inter ­view ­er wants to hear from you about your expe ­ri ­ence. They also want to know about your work ­ing tech ­niques and whether you would be fit for the job role that you are inter ­view ­ing for or not. Make sure to give a detailed answer to these kind of big data inter ­view ques ­tions. Share all your past expe ­ri ­ences and also add sto ­ries to your answer so that the answers sound inter ­est ­ing. Give details about all the major tasks that you under ­went while at your pre ­vi ­ous job. And also state all the projects that you were a part of and made con ­tri ­bu ­tions to. But you need to be care ­ful about the fact that you do not make your answer go over ­board. This ques ­tion is gen ­er ­al ­ly asked dur ­ing the start ­ing of the inter ­view itself. So you need to be very care ­ful by answer ­ing this one. All of the oth ­er answers that shall be asked to you in the inter ­view will be based on the answer you give for this ques ­tion. There ­fore, do not just stick to one aspect of your pre ­vi ­ous expe ­ri ­ence. 8. Would you prefer good data or good models? Give reasons for your choice. Most can ­di ­dates pre ­fer to answer this ques ­tion accord ­ing to their expe ­ri ­ence. Just be sure to nev ­er choose both options as your answer because this answer would lack prac ­ti ­cal ­i ­ty. It is hard to have both good data as well as mod ­els in actu ­al ­i ­ty. If you answer the ques ­tion from your expe ­ri ­ence, you will also have valid rea ­sons to prove your choice of the answer. This way you would be able to give a detailed answer and not sound absurd. 9. How are Big Data and Hadoop related? Undoubt ­ed ­ly, Hadoop and Big Data go hand in hand. The func ­tion ­ing of Hadoop depends on Big data. And the pro ­cess ­ing of Big Data is depen ­dent on Hadoop. Basi ­cal ­ly, Hadoop is the gate ­way for mod ­el ­ling all oth ­er appli ­ca ­tions for Big Data. 10. Specify what are the essential Hadoop tools that are required for effective working of Big Data? Hadoop has a num ­ber of essen ­tial tools that help in enhanc ­ing the per ­for ­mance of big data. Ambari, “HBase, ZooKeep ­er, Mahout, Flume, Hadoop Dis ­trib ­uted File Sys ­tem, Sqoop, Pig are some of the exam ­ples. 11. Why do you think Hadoop is needed? The main rea ­son why Hadoop is need ­ed is because it brings scal ­a ­bil ­i ­ty. It gets easy to build solu ­tions for a spe ­cif ­ic amount of data. On the oth ­er hand, get ­ting solu ­tions for increas ­ing the amount of data is com ­plex. 12. How do you think Apache Hadoop resolves the challenge of big data storage? The strong file sys ­tem of Hadoop, HDFS enables solv ­ing all ends of the data stor ­age. HDFS is stored as a bina ­ry so it does not have any schema and is high ­ly com ­pressed in nature. In fact, the file sys ­tem also main ­tains redun ­dan ­cy. Due to this, there is data reli ­a ­bil ­i ­ty even in con ­di ­tions when the machine fails. 13. Mention the steps taken to deploy a Big Data Selection? Deploy ­ing Big Data Selec ­tion com ­pris ­es of three steps; Inges ­tion of Data Data Stor ­age Data Pro ­cess ­ing 14. What are the components of Hadoop? The three major com ­po ­nents of Hadoop are: HDFS â€" It is a java based dis ­trib ­uted file sys ­tem. It is basi ­cal ­ly used for data stor ­age. And it requires no pri ­or orga ­ni ­za ­tion. MapRe ­duce â€" It is a pro ­gram ­ming mod ­el. MapRe ­duce process ­es large data sets in par ­al ­lel. YARN â€" Yarn is a frame ­work that man ­ages resources as well as han ­dles requests from all the dis ­trib ­uted appli ­ca ­tions. 15. Define the various features of Hadoop. This ques ­tion is also one of the most asked big data inter ­view ques ­tions. The var ­i ­ous fea ­tures of Hadoop are; Open-Source: Open Source frame ­works are inclu ­sive of source codes. These source codes are avail ­able as well as acces ­si ­ble all over the World Wide Web. These code snip ­pets can also be rewrit ­ten, edit ­ed or mod ­i ­fied. This depends on the require ­ments of the users and the ana ­lyt ­ics. Scal ­a ­bil ­i ­ty: Hadoop runs on com ­mod ­i ­ty hard ­ware. But even then, addi ­tion ­al hard ­ware resources can be added to new nodes. User-Friend ­ly: The user inter ­face of Hadoop is very sim ­ple. There ­fore the frame ­work of Hadoop is per ­fect. Clients do not have to han ­dle dis ­trib ­uted com ­put ­ing process ­es any ­more because the frame ­work takes care of it. Data Recov ­ery: Hadoop splits blocks into three repli ­cas across clus ­ters, there ­by allow ­ing the recov ­ery of data. It allows the users to recov ­er data from node to node. The recov ­ery is need ­ed in cas ­es of fail ­ure. Hadoop recov ­ers these tasks and nodes auto ­mat ­i ­cal ­ly in such cir ­cum ­stances. Data Local ­i ­ty: Data Local ­i ­ty is the fea ­ture of Hadoop which moves com ­pu ­ta ­tion to data instead of mov ­ing data to com ­pu ­ta ­tion. Data is there ­by moved to clus ­ters instead of being brought to a loca ­tion where ­in MapRe ­duce algo ­rithms are processed as well as sub ­mit ­ted. 16. What are Edge Nodes in Hadoop? The gate ­way nodes in Hadoop which act as the inter ­face between the exter ­nal net ­work and the hadoop clus ­ter are the Edge Nodes. The run ­ning of client appli ­ca ­tions and clus ­ter admin ­is ­tra ­tion tools in Hadoop is done by Edge nodes. These are then used as stag ­ing areas for data trans ­fers to the Hadoop clus ­ters. The world of Big Data is extend ­ing con ­tin ­u ­ous ­ly. And so are the job oppor ­tu ­ni ­ties for big data pro ­fes ­sion ­als. With this set of big data inter ­view ques ­tions and answers, you will have an idea about the kind of ques ­tions that are asked. And also the kind of answers that you should be giv ­ing while inter ­view ­ing for big data job pro ­files. Good luck with your inter ­view! If you are ful ­ly pre ­pared, there’s no stop ­ping! big data interview questions